10^th International Conference on Endocrinology October 30-31, 2017 Chicago, Illinois, USA

Neuroendocrinology is the study of the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system, including the biological features of the cells involved i.e. Cytology, and how they communicate, indirectly it includes the Cell Biology. The nervous and endocrine systems often act together in a process called neuroendocrine integration, to regulate the physiological processes of the human body. Neuroendocrinology arose from the recognition that the brain, especially the hypothalamus, controls secretion of pituitary gland hormones, and has subsequently expanded to investigate numerous interconnections of the endocrine and nervous systems.

Paediatric Endocrinology is a medical subspecialty dealing with disorders of the endocrine glands, such as variations of physical growth and sexual development in childhood, diabetes and many more. The most common disease of the specialty is type 1 diabetes, which usually accounts for at least 50% of a typical clinical practice. The next most common problem is growth disorders, especially those amenable to growth hormone treatment. Pediatric endocrinologists are usually the primary physicians involved in the medical care of infants and children with intersex disorders. The specialty also deals with hypoglycemia and other forms of hyperglycemia in childhood, variations of puberty, as well other adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary problems. Many pediatric endocrinologists have interests and expertise in bone metabolism, lipid metabolism, adolescent gynecology, or inborn errors of metabolism.

Endocrinology is a perplexing investigation of the different hormones and their activities and disarranges in the body. Endocrine Glands are organs that make hormones. These are substances that control exercises in the body and effectively affect the digestion system, multiplication, nourishment retention and use, development and improvement. Insulin, the hormone delivered by the beta cells in the pancreas, permits (glucose) cells to have the capacity to utilize glucose. The abundance sugar stays in the blood and is then evacuated by the kidneys. This sickness happens in a few structures, yet the most well-known are Type I Diabetes or Juvenile Onset Diabetes or Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), Type II or Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), and Gestational.

Reproductive endocrinology and infertility is a surgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynaecology that trains physicians in reproductive medicine addressing hormonal functioning as it pertains to reproduction as well as the issue of infertility. While most Reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialists primarily focus on the treatment of infertility, reproductive endocrinologists are trained to also evaluate and treat hormonal dysfunctions in females and males outside infertility. Reproductive endocrinologists have specialty training in obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn) before they undergo sub-specialty training (fellowship) in Reproductive endocrinology and infertility.

Clinical endocrinology is the study of the endocrine system, its function, and its diseases or abnormalities as related to patient care. In other words, a clinical endocrinologist would spend most of his/her time seeing patients who have one or more disorders of the endocrine system. The endocrine system can be defined as those organs in the body which release hormones that regulate many of the body’s functions, like the testes and ovaries, the pancreas, the pituitary gland, and the thyroid gland. Those who specialize in clinical endocrinology are highly trained physicians. Additional conditions, on which clinical endocrinology concentrates, include thyroid disorders, which may have significant effect on all body functions when ignored. Hormone disorders of other types can be treated by endocrinologists. Problems with estrogen of progesterone production in the female body could cause many symptoms like reduced fertility.

Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia). Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease. Type 1 DM must be managed with insulin injections

Endocrinology plays a vital role in the field of Dermatology. Metabolic and Endocrine diseases can produce changes in the skin. The most common cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus are bullosis diabeticorum, acanthosis nigricans, diabetic dermopathy, and necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum. In many cases, these disorders result from the deleterious effects that high glucose and insulin levels have on the vasculature. Tophi can develop in patients with chronic untreated gout. Calcinosis cutis encompasses a group of disorders in which calcium deposits form in the skin; the four major types are dystrophic, metastatic, iatrogenic, and idiopathic. Xanthomas can reflect lipid metabolism alteration associated with hyperlipidemia, or they can result from local cell dysfunction.

The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. They produce hormones that you can't live without, including sex hormones and cortisol. Cortisol helps you respond to stress and has many other important functions. In Cushing's syndrome, there's too much cortisol, while with Addison's disease, there is too little. Thyroid gland influences almost all of the metabolic processes in your body. Thyroid disorders can range from a small, harmless goiter (enlarged gland) that needs no treatment to life-threatening cancer. The most common thyroid problems involve abnormal production of thyroid hormones. Too much thyroid hormone results in a condition known as hyperthyroidism. Insufficient hormone production leads to hypothyroidism.

Endocrine Nurses help kids with endocrine diseases. These nurses treat infants to teens with delayed growth and development, and diseases like diabetes, hypoglycemia, and endocrine gland disorders including adrenal, thyroid and pituitary problems. As an Endocrinology Nurse, Endocrine Nurses help to develop treatment plan and care. Since one of the most common diseases in pediatric endocrinology is juvenile diabetes, you’ll play an important role in teaching children and their parents about the effects of diabetes, and help them make healthy lifestyle choices

Obesity is an abnormal or excessive body fat accumulation. It is identified by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and prediabetes are closely related to one another and have overlapping aspects. The syndrome is thought to be caused by an underlying disorder of energy utilization and storage. The cause of the syndrome is an area of ongoing medical research. Complications caused  includes cardiovascular disorders (particularly in people with excess abdominal fat), diabetes mellitus, certain cancers, cholelithiasis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, osteoarthritis, reproductive disorders in men and women, psychologic disorders, and, for people with BMI ≥ 35, premature death.

Case study is an important part for research and treatment. Clinical case study aims directly improve global health outcomes and share clinical knowledge using case reports to convey important best practice messages. If case study is done then the advanced medical technologies like transplantation, holistic treatment can be used more rapidly in hospitals and with the more study in Glycemic index and load  we can find the diseases or problem like Cortisol . Even with this, we can know the number of people by using Diabetes Statistics having diseases and can find by advances in diabetes cure. Drug mechanism can be known and along with these new technologies as well pharmacotherapy can be done. Clinical case study done in medical diabetes could leads to find innovative way for treating the diabetes.

Herbals and alternatives Remedies have been utilized for health and restorative purposes for a few a great many years, majority of people still using herbal medicine to meet their wellbeing needs. Herbal supplements for the treatment of Hormonal Problems such as Estrogen and Progesterone in Women and Treatment for menopausal Hormone Imbalance, etc. Homeopathy is a technique for treating disease by medications, given in moment dosages that would deliver in sound individual indications like those of the illness.

Endocrine disorders are diseases related to the endocrine glands of the body. The endocrine system produces hormones, which are chemical signals sent out, or secreted, through the bloodstream. Hormones help the body regulate processes, such as appetite, breathing, growth, fluid balance, feminization and virilisation, and weight control. Common endocrine disorders include diabetes mellitus, acromegaly, Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and prolactinoma. These disorders often have widespread symptoms, affect multiple parts of the body, and can range in severity from mild to very severe. Treatments depend on the specific disorder but often focus on adjusting hormone balance using synthetic hormones.