3^rd European Endocrinology and Diabetes Congress November 13-14, 2023 Paris, France

A hormone-sensitive cancer, or hormone-dependent cancer, is one that is dependent on a hormone for growth and or survival. For instance breast cancer, which is depending on estrogens like estradiol, and prostate cancer, which is depending on androgens like testosterone. Hormones play significant roles in our body; they're also effective in some sorts of cancer by promoting some tumors grow and spread, which are so-called hormone-sensitive or hormone-dependent cancer. If a tumor is hormone-sensitive, it means that there are exceptional proteins called receptors on cells surface. When the hormones tie up the matched receptor, it results in growth and spread of cancer cells.

• Breast cancer
• Ovarian cancer
• Uterine cancer
• Prostate cancer

Diabetic nephropathy may be a sort of progressive renal disorder which will occur in people that have diabetes. It affects people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and risk increases with the duration of the disease and other risk factors like high vital sign and a case history of renal disorder.

Over 40 percent of cases of renal failure are caused by diabetes, and it’s estimated that approximately 180,000 people live with renal failure caused by complications of diabetes. Diabetes is additionally the foremost common Trusted Source explanation for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is that the fifth and end of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy progresses slowly. With early treatment, you'll slow or maybe stop the progression of the disease. Not everyone who develops diabetic nephropathy will reach renal failure or ESRD, and having diabetes doesn't mean you'll develop diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes complication that has its effects on the eyes. It is caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the rear of the attention (retina).

At first, diabetic retinopathy may not cause any symptoms or only mild vision problems. After that, it can cause blindness.

This condition can develop in anyone who is having type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The longer a person has got diabetes and therefore the less controlled his blood glucose is, the more likely he is able to develop this eye complication.

• Early diabetic retinopathy
• Advanced diabetic retinopathy

A healthy skeletal system with strong bones is crucial to quality and healthy life. But too many people suffer from bone disease and fractures, much of which could be prevented. An estimated ten million people in USA over age 50 have osteoporosis, while another 34 million are at risk. Every year around 1.5 million people suffer an osteoporotic-related fracture which causes downward spiral in physical and mental health. Nearly twenty percent of aged people who suffer a hip fracture die within a year. One out of every two women over 50 will have an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime, with risk of fracture increasing with age. In USA, more than 53 million people either already possess osteoporosis or are at high risk due to low bone mass.

Thyroid disorders affect the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck. Different types of thyroid disorders affect their structure or function. The thyroid gland uses iodine to supply important hormones. Thyroxin, also known as T4, is the main hormone produced by the gland. After blood distribution to body tissues, the small amount of T4 released from the gland is converted to triiodothyronine (T3), which is the most active hormone. Thyroid function is regulated by a feedback mechanism involving the brain. When hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces a hormone called thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which causes the pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete more T4. Because the thyroid gland is controlled by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, disorders in these tissues can also affect thyroid function and cause thyroid problems.

Increase in worldwide prevalence of obesity-associated diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension makes it imperative that endocrinologists, cardiologists and others have a forum for new treatment and therapeutic developments. Patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing a number of serious microvascular and macrovascular complications. Across all ages, the relative risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is ∼2 for patients with diabetes compared with the general population and CVD contributes significantly to the increased, albeit decreasing over time, mortality rate. Still, CVD accounts for up to 50% of deaths in patients with diabetes. The American Heart Association (AHA) predicts that by 2030, 40.5% of the US population will likely have some form of a CVD, and that the direct cost of treating CVDs will triple from $273 billion in 2010 to $818 billion in 2030; with indirect costs expected to increase from $172 billion to $276 billion in the same time period.

It is being acknowledged that the leading problem for infants and children was birth defects, prematurity/low birth weight, maternal complications of pregnancy, sudden infant death syndrome and respiratory distress syndrome. The rise in incidence of Type 2 diabetes in adolescents appears to parallel the very worrisome rise in excess body weight and obesity. There are a number of general pediatricians around the world. As per the records it is being acknowledged that globally 7.62% are registered pediatricians with specific specialty. USA is said to be one of the top most countries having a large number of pediatricians.  Global burden of pediatric mortality is increasing drastically every year. WHO estimates that 8.8 million deaths occur annually among infants and children < 5 years of age. 3.8 million in the first 30 days of life 36% of neonatal deaths due to infectious diseases. Nearly 9 million children under five die every year. Reflecting this imperative, we believe that professionally-oriented education in to cure pediatric diseases is essential in the training of clinicians and clinical academics who will provide the future leadership in this key area for global health.

With an MRI prevalence of about 10% in the general population, pituitary tumors are more common than commonly believed. At the same time, many endocrinologists and internists may not have enough exposure to deal with the prevalence of pituitary disorders with confidence. Without proper treatment, pituitary disorders can lead to significant morbidity and lower predictability. The pituitary gland is the center of human reproduction and sexuality. Other parts of the body do most of the work, but the pituitary gland initiates and controls the processes. Because of hormones, about 30-40% of the population suffers from sexual dysfunction at some point in their lives. Studies by the Endocrine Society report that CDI is more common in children and the elderly (over 80). Primary pituitary tumors cause CDI in 50% of children and 30% of adults, while posterior pituitary head trauma accounts for 2% of cases in children and 17% in adults.

Hypopituitarism is listed as a rare disease by the National Institutes of Health. To date, there are no US studies on the prevalence and prevalence of hypopituitarism. The published report says it affects only 200,000 people in the United States. Thus, the 2010 National Discharge Survey reports 17,101 US hospital visits with hypopituitarism/hypopituitarism) with all diagnoses listed, and 749 visits with this as the principal diagnosis. Additionally, the reported mean length of hospital stay was 5.4 days.

Adrenal glands are small glands on top of each kidney. It produces essential hormones such as sex hormones and cortisol. Cortisol helps you deal with stress and has many other important functions. In adrenal disease, the glands produce too much or too little hormone. Too much cortisol in Cushing's syndrome and too little in Addison's disease. Some people cannot produce enough cortisol.

• Adrenal tumor

• Cushing's Syndrome

• Pheochromocytoma

• Adrenocortical carcinoma

• Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

• Pituitary tumor

• Pheochromocytoma

• Addison's disease

• Hyperaldosteronism

Reproductive endocrinology may be a medicine for infertility, menopause, and other issues with reproductive hormones. Reproductive endocrinologists are OB/GYN (obstetrics and gynecology) doctors with special training to assist both men and ladies with problems associated with reproductive hormones. Sometimes, this specialty is named reproductive endocrinology and infertility because much of their work focuses on helping women to become pregnant and carry a baby to term.

• Infertility
• Fertility preservation
• Frequent miscarriages
• Endometriosis
• Menstrual problems
• Menopause
• Sexual development

It is estimated that over 12,000 Americans are diagnosed with an endocrine tumor every year. Over 1,500 people in the United States are diagnosed with Merkel cell skin cancer each year. Most of the people diagnosed with the disease are over age 50, and 90% of cases occur in white people. The 5-year survival rate of people with Merkel cell cancer is about 60%. MEN1 (Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1) is a hereditary condition associated with tumors of the endocrine glands. MEN1 was originally known as Wermer syndrome. It is estimated that about 1 in 30,000 people has MEN1. According to studies, about 10% of people with MEN1 do not have a family history of the condition; they have a de novo (new) mutation in the MEN1 gene.

Obesity is a complex disease that is associated with a number of comorbidities, exaggerated mortality and reduced quality of life. With the rise in obesity among the older adult population, the cost burden is predicted to increase substantially: the combined medical costs associated with treatment of obesity-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes in the US alone have been estimated to increase by $48-66 billion/year from 2010 through 2030 according to Endocrine Facts and Figures. In a 2011 study of 300 Filipino-Americans, representative of the second largest Asian subgroup in the United States, a modified definition of MetS was used to take account of the ethnic-specific body structure: elevated waist circumference was outlined as 88 cm in women and 90 cm in men. In participants 35 to 75 years of age, 18.3% of the participants (21.1% of males and 15.7% of females) met the threshold for MetS. The prevalence of MetS was significantly less than the NHANES values for 2009-2010.

Steroid hormone may be a steroid that is a hormone. It is often divided into two groups: corticosteroids and sex steroids. Within these two classes, they're five types consistent with their receptors: glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens, estrogen and progestogens. In physical body, steroid hormones play a crucial part in metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics and therefore the ability of withstanding illness and injury. The natural steroid hormones are generally synthesized from cholesterol within the gonads and adrenal glands. These hormones are lipophilic substance. They will undergo the cell wall as they're fat-soluble, then bind to steroid receptors (which could also be nuclear or cytosolic counting on the steroid hormone) to cause changes within the cell. Steroid hormones are generally carried within the blood, sure to specific carrier proteins like sex hormone-binding globulin, corticosteroid-binding globulin and albumin. The binding is useful to assist improve the hormones’ solubility in water.

Genetics may be a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Though heredity had been observed for millennia, Mendel, a scientist and Augustinian friar working within the 19th century, was the primary to review genetics scientifically.

Gene regulation is that the process of turning genes on and off. During early development, cells begin to require on specific functions. Gene regulation ensures that the acceptable genes are expressed at the right times. Gene regulation also can help an organism answer its environment. Gene regulation is accomplished by a spread of mechanisms including chemically modifying genes and using regulatory proteins to show genes on or off.

EDCs are mixtures of chemicals that interfere with the way the body’s hormones work. Some EDCs act like "hormone mimics" and trick our body into thinking that they're hormones, while other EDCs block natural hormones from doing their job. Other EDCs can increase or decrease the amount of hormones in our blood by affecting how they're made, weakened, or stored in our body. Finally, other EDCs can change how sensitive our bodies are to different hormones.

EDCs can disrupt many various hormones, which is why they need been linked to numerous adverse human health outcomes including alterations in sperm quality and fertility, abnormalities in sex organs, endometriosis, early puberty, altered systema nervosum function, immune function, certain cancers, respiratory problems, metabolic issues, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular problems, growth, neurological and learning disabilities, and more.

The incidence rate of diabetes is exceptionally high across the world, fueled by reducing physical activities and unhealthy diet. Consistent with IMARC’s report, compared to Type-1 diabetes, Type-2 diabetes represents the more prevalent type, accounting for the bulk of all diagnosed diabetes cases. Urban areas dominate rural areas within the number of diabetes patients and females presently account for the bulk of the entire diabetes patients. Despite the overall down climate of the economy and healthcare, there has been great progress within the advancement of diabetes knowledge, treatment and prevention in recent years. This progress continues of a day to day, with scientific advances being announced at an exponential rate. New therapeutic products are being introduced regularly and therefore the pipeline is now filled with new diabetes therapeutics in development. Never before, within the history of drugs, has the outlook for diabetes treatment and prevention looked so promising. The diabetes drugs segment dominated the endocrinology drugs market and accounted for quite 86% of the market share during 2015. At an annual rate of growth (CAGR) of 4.4%, from 2016 to 2021, World diabetes market projected to succeed in $155 billion by 2021 from $125 billion.

Sepsis may be a lethal organ dysfunction caused by a deregulated host response to infection. This improper reaction to micro-organism invasion is characterized by an overwhelmed systemic inflammatory response and cardiovascular collapse that culminate in high mortality and morbidity in critical care units. The occurrence of sepsis in DM (DM) patients has become more constant because the prevalence of DM has increased dramatically worldwide. These two important diseases represent a worldwide public health concern and highlight the importance of accelerating our knowledge of the key elements of the immune reaction associated with both conditions.

Many common herbs and spices are claimed to possess blood glucose lowering properties that make them useful for people with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes.

A number of clinical studies are administered in recent years that show potential links between herbal therapies and improved blood sugar control, which has led to a rise in people with diabetes using these more 'natural' ingredients to assist manage their condition.

Plant-based therapies that are shown in some studies to possess anti-diabetic they include: aloevera, cinnamon, okra, fenugreek, bitter melon, ginger, bilberry extract. While these are utilized in aurvedic medicine for treatment of diabetes. These natural therapies may sometimes cause hypoglycemia low blood sugar levels.

Diabetes is additionally a typical chronic sickness that imposes right sensible demands on the individual tending system. Individuals with genetic disease have subsequent rate of disorder than those whereas not diabetes and are at increased risk for renal disorder , lower limb amputation and visual impairment. Novel remedial targets accessible for polygenic disorder incorporates Incretion based totally treatments, oral useful operators like secretagogues, cell recovery and enlargement and foundational organism treatments. Undeveloped formative cell and fetal antecedent cell transplantation treatments are the many undifferentiated cell treatments accessible for Diabetes. apart from the on top of, different computational methodologies in Diabetes administration control are presented as lately which are assuming an important part in recognizable proof of qualities delivery regarding diabetes serving to in Early Detection of polygenic disorder. These procedures are likewise valuable in concentrating on the compound diagnostician of polygenic disease revealing fully completely different treatment prospects and model development forms for survival expectation. The worldwide diabetes research market is projected to succeed in USD 10.58 billion by 2022 from an estimated USD 8.35 billion in 2017, at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period.