Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Endocrine Tumors : Diagnosis and Treatment

Endocrine tumors, which can arise in glands such as the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pituitary, often require careful diagnosis and targeted treatment. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of imaging studies (ultrasound, CT, MRI), blood tests to assess hormone levels, and biopsy procedures. For example, thyroid nodules may be evaluated with fine needle aspiration and imaging to determine malignancy. Treatment options vary based on tumor type and stage but commonly include surgical resection, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies. Radioactive iodine therapy is used for certain thyroid cancers, while medications or surgery may address hormone-secreting tumors like pheochromocytomas or adrenal adenomas. Regular follow-up with monitoring of hormone levels and imaging is essential for managing recurrence and ensuring effective treatment. Early detection and personalized treatment plans are key to improving outcomes and managing endocrine tumors effectively.