Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Gestational Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes, a condition where blood glucose levels rise during pregnancy, affects up to 10% of expectant mothers and can lead to complications for both mother and baby if unmanaged. It is typically diagnosed through glucose tolerance tests and managed with diet, exercise, and, if necessary, insulin therapy. Proper management helps reduce risks such as preeclampsia, excessive fetal growth, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Endocrine disorders during pregnancy, such as thyroid dysfunction, also require careful monitoring and treatment. Hypothyroidism can impact fetal development and increase the risk of preterm birth, while hyperthyroidism may lead to complications like preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. Regular prenatal care, including monitoring of blood glucose and thyroid levels, is crucial for managing these conditions and ensuring a healthy pregnancy outcome. Early detection and personalized treatment are key to mitigating risks and supporting maternal and fetal health.